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Organic matter status of Pakistan soils and its management

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Soil organic matter affects so many soil properties and processes that a complete discussion of the topic is beyond the scope. Often one effect leads to another, so that a complex chain of multiple benefits results from the addition of organic matter to soils. For example, adding organic mulch to the soil surface encourages earthworm activity, which in turn leads to the production of burrows and other biopores, which in turn increases the infiltration of water and decreases its loss as runoff, a result that finally leads to less pollution of streams and lakes. In Pakistan, the soils are very poor in organic matter than the desirable level. A soil having 1.29 % C is considered to be sufficient in organic matter, but Pakistan soils are having less than that. In a survey conducted by Farooq-e-Azam it is reported that the range of soil carbon in Pakistan soils is 0.52 to 1.38% in different soil series. Most of them have less than 1%. Reasons For Low Organic Matter Content of Pakistan Soils...
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Soil and Basic Types of Soil in Pakistan

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Soil and Basic Types of Soil Soil The upper layer of the earth which is composed of different thin rock particles is helpful in the growth of vegetation and plants that is called soil. Basic Components of Soil Soil has three basic components. 1. Solid particles like salt, mineral and organic matter. 2. Air. 3. Water. Importance of Soil The kind of soil totally depends upon climate, location, vegetation and rock material. The agriculture of a country depends upon her soil’s structure and kinds. Soil is a gift of nature. Alluvium Those materials which are transported from one place to another by rivers and deposited at other places are called alluvium. Aeolian Soil Similarly wind also transports the material from one place to another which is deposited over the surface that is called Aeolian Soil. Classification of Soils The soil of Pakistan may be classified according to the regional basis. Indus basin Soils The indus plain is made with the deposition of alluvium by the indus river its ...
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Cannabis in Pakistan

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Cannabis in Pakistan PAKISTAN Pakistan is one of the world's largest producers of hashish, much of which is trafficked via the Middle East and Central Asia to Europe, Africa and North America. Cannabis grows wild in many regions of the country; cultivation is widespread, and is believed to be increasing due to ongoing political and economic instability. Pakistan is one of the world’s largest producers of hashish, much of which is trafficked via the Middle East and Central Asia to Europe, Africa and North America. Cannabis grows wild in many regions of the country; cultivation is widespread, and is believed to be increasing due to ongoing political and economic instability. Law & International Policy Drug use is endemic in Pakistan, but authorities are more concerned with heroin and opium use (Radio Nederland) Cannabis is illegal in Pakistan, although its possession and use is far less likely to be penalised than that of ‘harder’ drugs such as heroin and amphetamines. On the oth...
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MAJOR PROBLEMS OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF PAKISTAN

DISCUSS THE MAJOR PROBLEMS OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF PAKISTAN. WHAT MEASURES DO YOU SUGGEST TO IMPROVE THIS SECTOR? Introduction: Agricultural sector is the backbone of our economy. But the growth of agriculture in Pakistan is facing a lot of problems. Due to various causes, per acre yield is very low in Pakistan as compare to other developed countries.  PROBLEMS OF AGRICULTURAL SECTOR Problems of agricultural sector are categorized as below:  A.         TECHNO-ECONOMIC PROBLEMS 1)        Limited Cultivable Area The total area of Pakistan is about 79.6 million hectares, out of which only 23.7 million hectares (28%) area is used for agricultural purposes. About 8 million hectares area is idle and un-utilized. There is vast sub-division and fragmentation of land holdings, as a result modern technology cannot be applied in agriculture sector. 2)        Water Logging and Salinity Wa...
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